The Sun Raising

Figure 1 Consider an ionic solid, such as NaCl. Recall from the Periodic-Properties Experiment that an ionic solid is an extended three-dimensional lattice (a regular geometric arrangement) of cations and anions. NaCl (Figure 2) has the shape of a cubic crystal consisting of repeating units of Na+ and Cl- ions. One of the repeating units (the "unit cell") is shown in Figure 1.  This is the unit cell for a sodium chloride (NaCl) crystal lattice, in which Na+ and Cl- ions are arranged in a regular cubic pattern. This pattern can be repeated indefinitely to make a NaCl crystal. In order for NaCl to be soluble, the Na+ and Cl- ions must break free from the crystal-lattice structure of the solid. When the ions are in solution, they are surrounded by water molecules, and the ions are said to be  solvated , or dissolved in an  aqueous  solution, denoted (aq). Hence, the process of dissolving a NaCl crystal can be described by the following chemic...

FEATURED ARTICLES A BUSINESS Mountain Dew to test malt-flavored pop in Midwest Reuters  |  July 13, 2012 PepsiCo Inc. plans to test a new malt-flavored version of its Mountain Dew soda this summer in select U.S. cities, the company said Friday, as it aims to stand out in a competitive soft-drink market. Starting in late August, PepsiCo will sell "Mountain Dew Johnson City Gold" at Kroger Co. and 7-Eleven stores in some cities in the Midwest as well as in Denver and Charlotte, North Carolina, said PepsiCo spokeswoman Andrea Foote. She said the drink will have a malt flavor... ARTICLES BY DATE NEWS No Mountain Dew: Florida students face big test without caffeine Barbara Liston and Reuters  |  April 24, 2014 ORLANDO (Reuters) - Students in one Central Florida school this year will try to ace high-stakes standardized tests without their usual shot of Mountain Dew. The change came after a grandmother called local media to complain ab...

Outline Circulating warning claims that children's chocolate treat, Kinder Joy contains a wax coating that can cause cancer. It further claims that Styrofoam containers also have a wax coating. Brief Analysis The claims in the warning are misleading and inaccurate. Many chocolate products do actually contain paraffin wax to give them a shiny finish and help them remain solid at room temperature. However, there is no evidence that this wax additive causes cancer. Wax has been used as an additive to various foods for decades and is considered non-toxic. And the claim that Styrofoam containers have a wax coating is false. The warning is similar to another false warning that claims that instant noodles have a wax coating. Example Food For Thought KINDER JOY contains wax coating which is also used in Styrofoam containers. That is why Kinder Joy dont stick to each other when eating it. Our body needs upto two days to clean the wax.  Make sure you stop eating Kinder Joy. Thi...

There is abundant reason to believe that optimism – big, little, and in between – is useful to a person because positive expectations can be self-fulfilling. CHRISTOPHER PETERSON,  American Psychologist,  Jan. 2000 So the secret to good self-esteem is to lower your expectations to the point where they're already met? BILL WATTERSON,  The Days are Just Packed Hope is itself a species of happiness, and, perhaps, the chief happiness which this world affords: but, like all other pleasures immoderately enjoyed, the excesses of hope must be expiated by pain; and expectations improperly indulged must end in disappointment. SAMUEL JOHNSON, Letter, Jun. 8, 1762 A life that is burdened with expectations is a heavy life. Its fruit is sorrow and disappointment. DOUGLAS ADAMS,  The Long Dark Tea-Time of the Soul Blessed is he who expects nothing, for he shall never be disappointed. ALEXANDER POPE, letter to Warburton, Mar. 24, 1743 It is great to be a ...

                    My experience with violence in schools still echo throughout my life but standing to face the problem has helped me in immeasurable ways. Each day I live, the pain consumes What little sanity I have bloomed Like walking in a cloud of fog Falling down, sinking into smog Life just seems grim I think on a whim Interest lost in everything I do But what a life, who really knew? Depressed to a fault, that all I see Death just seems like the only way for me A waste of time, I feel I am But that's its nature, a full mind jam I try and try to ease the pain A fallen effort with no gain Thoughts begin to eat away Makes me want to end it today Uncomfortable around others for the way I feel I pray and wish this all wasn't real Life just seems more like a prison Caged, alone, an abomination risen No one could ever understand Why I would want my death sooner than planned Its not something I want for me But to end my suf...

LIFE opens a window on Sinatra's famously guarded private world, as well as the Chairman's own take on his celebrity and his music Of all the superstars who helped shape and define popular culture in the 20th century, few lasted as long in the spotlight — and even fewer were as enigmatic — as Francis Albert Sinatra. MORE How Debbie Reynolds Stumbled Into Stardom Beyond  La Dolce Vita : Anita Ekberg’s Life and Career Before and After Her Most Famous Role Six Killed In Fiery Train Crash Near New York City NBC News ISIS Video Purports to Show Pilot Being Burned Alive  NBC News Hilton Heir Charged in Fights on Flight Full of 'Peasants'  NBC News Across seven decades, the skinny, big-eared kid from Jersey who grew up to be the Chairman of the Board influenced generations of singers, musicians and fedora-topped hepcats; triumphed on stage, in the movies (winning an Oscar for his performance in  From Here to Eternity ) and on TV; and crafted a public persona ...

"It is the very pursuit of happiness that thwarts happiness." In September 1942, Viktor Frankl, a prominent Jewish psychiatrist and neurologist in Vienna, was arrested and transported to a Nazi concentration camp with his wife and parents. Three years later, when his camp was liberated, most of his family, including his pregnant wife, had perished -- but he, prisoner number 119104, had lived. In his bestselling 1946 book,  Man's Search for Meaning , which he wrote in nine days about his experiences in the camps, Frankl concluded that the difference between those who had lived and those who had died came down to one thing: Meaning, an insight he came to early in life. When he was a  high school student , one of his science teachers declared to the class, "Life is nothing more than a combustion process, a process of oxidation." Frankl jumped out of his chair and responded, "Sir, if this is so, then what can be the meaning of life?" As he ...